Pneumonia in Dogs: Symptoms, Types & Treatments

Pneumonia in dogs is a serious respiratory condition characterized by inflammation of the lungs and airways. This condition can make breathing difficult and, if left untreated, can lead to severe complications or even be fatal. Understanding the causes, symptoms, types, contagiousness, and treatment options is crucial for dog owners to ensure the well-being of their furry companions.

What is pneumonia in dogs?

Pneumonia in dogs is an inflammation of the lung tissue typically caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections. In some cases, it can also result from inhalation of foreign substances such as food, vomit, or toxic fumes, leading to aspiration pneumonia.

Different Types of Pneumonia in Dogs

As with humans, pneumonia in dogs affects the respiratory system, including the lungs and airways, and interferes with your dog's ability to breathe normally. With treatment, dogs typically recover well from pneumonia. However, more serious conditions can develop if pneumonia is left untreated.

Viral & Bacterial Infectious Pneumonia in Dogs

Infectious pneumonia (also referred to as bacterial pneumonia) is the most common type of pneumonia seen in dogs. This form of pneumonia is caused by a viral or bacterial infection in a dog's respiratory tract.

Bordetella bronchiseptica is one of the bacteria most commonly linked to infectious pneumonia in dogs. It can easily be transmitted between dogs that are very young, senior, or have a compromised immune system.

Signs and Symptoms of Dog Pneumonia

It can be challenging for pet parents to determine whether their dog has pneumonia or a less respiratory severe condition because both symptoms will be the same. Dog bacterial pneumonia symptoms can include:

Aspiration Pneumonia in Dogs

Aspiration pneumonia can occur if your dog accidentally inhales vomit or medication, has an abnormality of the pharynx, or has a neuromuscular disorder that affects respiratory function. In some cases, an enlargement of the lower esophagus due to frequent regurgitation caused by acid reflux can lead to aspiration pneumonia, as can an incorrectly placed feeding tube.

Signs of Aspiration Pneumonia in Dogs

A dog's aspiration pneumonia symptoms are likely the same as those in pups suffering from bacterial pneumonia. Dogs with aspiration pneumonia may experience one or more of the following symptoms:

However, aspiration pneumonia may also cause other symptoms such as: 

If your dog shows signs of aspiration pneumonia, contact your vet for advice. Depending on the nature of your dog's symptoms, your vet may recommend either booking an exam or bringing them in for emergency care, especially if they are experiencing breathing difficulties. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent more severe symptoms and conditions from developing.

Is pneumonia contagious in dogs?

The contagiousness of pneumonia in dogs depends on the underlying cause. Bacterial and viral pneumonia can be highly contagious, spreading through airborne droplets or direct contact with infected animals. Fungal and aspiration pneumonia are not infectious but require prompt treatment to prevent complications.

Treatment Options for Pneumonia in Dogs 

If your dog has been diagnosed with pneumonia, effective treatment will involve addressing the underlying cause and providing supportive care:

• Antibiotics: Prescribed for bacterial infections, usually based on culture and sensitivity tests.
• Antifungal Medications: Used for treating fungal pneumonia.
• Antiviral Drugs: Sometimes used for viral infections, although supportive care is often the primary treatment.
• Supportive Care: Includes oxygen therapy, nebulization, and intravenous fluids to maintain hydration and assist breathing.
• Hospitalization: Severe cases may require intensive care in a veterinary hospital.
• Rest and Nutrition: Ensuring the dog gets ample rest and a nutritious diet to support recovery.

How You Can Help Your Dog Recover From Pneumonia

Your vet will provide you with specific instructions on caring for your dog as she recovers from pneumonia, but typical instructions for care may include:

• Restricting your dog's activities
• Keeping other pets and small children away for your dog to rest
• Supplying plenty of fresh water to help keep them hydrated
• Providing your dog with a steam treatment by running a hot shower while you sit with your dog in the bathroom

If your dog has been diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia, it's a good idea to keep your ill dog away from other pets in the household and to wash bedding, bowls, collars, and leashes frequently to help avoid spreading the disease. Also, wash your hands immediately after petting or handling a dog with infectious pneumonia. 

Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.

Is your dog having breathing difficulties or displaying other signs of a serious health condition? Contact our vets in Murfreesboro right away. We can diagnose and treat a variety of health issues in pets.